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Javanese Grammar
The Javanese grammar allows you to manipulate the vocabulary to obtain multiple forms of a word. The grammatical rules below are the most important in Javanese and help connect words or shape the structure. We start with the prepositions:
| And: lan | Under: ing ngisor |
| Before: sak durunge | After: sak uwise |
| Inside: ing jerone | Outside: ing jabane |
| With: kanthi | But: ananging |
| For: kanggo | From: saka |
| To: menyang | In: ing |
Questions and Adverbs
To ask questions, use the following:
| What?: apa? | Who?: sapa? |
| How?: piye? | Why?: kenapa? |
| Where?: ing ngendi? |
Some of the most important time adverbs:
| Never: ora tau/ora pernah | Rarely: jarang |
| Sometimes: kadang-kadang | Usually: biasane |
| Always: mesti | Very: banget |
Most commonly used pronouns in Javanese:
| I: aku | You: kowe/awakmu |
| He: dheweke | She: dheweke |
| We: kita | They: dheweke |
To express the possession of something [possessive form]:
| My: ku (mobilku) | Your: mu |
| His: gone dheweke | Her: gone dheweke |
| Our: gone dewe | Their: gone dheweke |
Grammar in a sentence
Some random verbs to show how it's being used:
| I speak English: aku bisa ngomong cara Inggris |
| You speak French: kowe ngomong cara Prancis |
| He speaks German: dheweke ngomong cara Jerman |
| She speaks Italian: dheweke ngomong cara Italia |
| I visited France: aku ngunjungi Prancis |
| I will drink milk: aku bakal ngombe susu |
Some extra grammatical structures:
| I understand you: aku mangerteni kowe |
| I don't understand you: aku ora mangerteni kowe |
| I don't speak French: aku ora bisa cara Prancis |
| This is my house: iki omahku |
| That restaurant is far: restoran iku adoh |
| No problem: ora masalah |
The above Javanese grammar can provide tools to use in coordination with the Javanese vocabulary to obtain some popular Javanese phrases.
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Did you know? Grammar can help you increase your vocabulary dramatically. Grammar is like a tool which helps you manipulate words in a sentence by changing the shape and location of a word to create something new out of the old one. |