Learning guide

Reading Sindhi sentence patterns: a guide to noticing what changes

The Sindhi grammar lesson contains short words and complete examples. Reading them as a single list can hide what each example helps you notice. Here you will compare meaning, look for repeated written material and build a small record of the patterns you can actually see. Use the supplied forms as evidence; a single example is not a complete rule for the language.

Separate the person from the whole sentence

Person cueCourse form
Iمان
Youتون
Heهوُ
Sheاها
Weاسان
Theyاهي

The course’s stand-alone form for “I” is مان. Beside it, place مان انگريزي ڳالهائيندو آهيان, labelled “I speak English”. Inspect the whole example before looking for a matching piece. A sentence can express information through a changed word or another structure; do not force the English word count onto the Sindhi form.

Complete sentence cueCourse example
I speak Englishمان انگريزي ڳالهائيندو آهيان
You speak Frenchتون فرينچ ڳالهائين ٿو
He speaks Germanهو جرمن ڳالهائي ٿو
She speaks Italianهوءَ اطالوي ڳالهائي ٿي

Now compare مان انگريزي ڳالهائيندو آهيان with تون فرينچ ڳالهائين ٿو. The English cues change both the speaker reference and the language being spoken. That means this pair cannot, by itself, prove a rule about changing only one pronoun. Make two notes instead: what each complete line means, and which visible parts stayed the same.

Compare a change in meaning

Use or meaningCourse example
I understand youمان توهانجي ڳالھ سمجهان پيو
I don't understand youمونکي توهانجي ڳالھ سمجھ ۾ نٿي اچي

These two lines contrast understanding with not understanding: مان توهانجي ڳالھ سمجهان پيو and مونکي توهانجي ڳالھ سمجھ ۾ نٿي اچي. Copy them one above the other and mark every visible difference, including endings and spaces. Learn the negative example as a complete expression. This pair shows how these particular lines differ; it does not establish how to negate every verb.

Keep possession examples together

Possession cueCourse form
Myمنهنجو
Yourتوهانجو
Hisهن جو
Herانهي جو

Place منهنجو (“My”) beside هي منهنجو گھر آهي (“This is my house”). Check whether the stand-alone form is visibly present in the complete example. Record what you observe without assuming the same form fits every object. Keep the entire house example on the reverse of a card, with its meaning on the front.

Turn observation into practice

Find the complete example that says you do not understand the other person.

Reveal the answer

مونکي توهانجي ڳالھ سمجھ ۾ نٿي اچي

What English person cue goes with اسان?

Reveal the answer

We. Now check the whole printed entry again, including any alternatives.

End by writing a three-column notebook entry: the complete example, its meaning, and one question it leaves unanswered. For instance, you might need an example with a different person or object. This keeps a useful observation separate from a rule you have not yet checked. Revisit the original lesson to confirm spelling before adding another card.

Learning guide

Fresh learning guides