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Tajik Grammar

The Tajik grammar allows you to manipulate the vocabulary to obtain multiple forms of a word. The grammatical rules below are the most important in Tajik and help connect words or shape the structure. We start with the prepositions:

And: ва  [va] Under: дар зери  [dar zieri]
Before: пеш аз  [pieš az] After: пасфардо  [pasfardo]
Inside: дар дарун  [dar darun] Outside: дар берун  [dar bierun]
With: бо  [bo] But: аммо  [ammo]
For: барои  [Baro] From: аз  [az]
To: ба сӯи  [ba sūi] In: дар  [dar]

Questions and Adverbs

To ask questions, use the following:

What?: Чӣ?  [Čī?] Who?: Кӣ?  [Kī?]
How?: чӣ хел?  [čī chiel?] Why?: Барои чӣ?  [Baro čī?]
Where?: Кучо?  [Kučo?]

Some of the most important time adverbs:

Never: ҳеҷгоҳ  [ҳjeҷhoҳ] Rarely: гоҳ-гоҳ  [hoҳ-hoҳ]
Sometimes: баъзан  [baʺzan] Usually: умуман  [umuman]
Always: доимо  [doimo] Very: хеле   [chielie]

Most commonly used pronouns in Tajik:

I: ман  [man] You: ту, шумо   [tuju, šumo]
He: ӯ  [ū] She: ӯ  [ū]
We: мо  [mo] They: онҳо  [onҳo]

To express the possession of something [possessive form]:

My: ман  [man] Your: ту  [tuju]
His: ӯ  [ū] Her: ӯ  [ū]
Our: мо  [mo] Their: онҳо  [onҳo]

Grammar in a sentence

Some random verbs to show how it's being used:

I speak English: ман англисиро медонам  [man anhlisiro miedonam]
You speak French: ту фаронсавиро медони  [tuju faronsaviro miedoni]
He speaks German: ӯ олмониро медонад  [ū olmoniro miedonad]
She speaks Italian: ӯ итолиёвиро медонад  [ū itolijeviro miedonad]
I visited France: ман дар Фаронса зиндагонӣ мекунам  [man dar Faronsa zindahonī miekunam]
I will drink milk: ман шир менӯшам  [man šyr mienūšam]

Some extra grammatical structures:

I understand you: ман шуморо мефаҳмам  [man šumoro miefaҳmam]
I don't understand you: ман шуморо намефаҳмам  [man šumoro namiefaҳmam]
I don't speak French: ман забони фаронсавиро намедонам  [man zaboni faronsaviro namiedonam]
This is my house: ин хонаи ман аст  [in chonai man astra]
That restaurant is far: он ошхона дур аст  [jon ošchona Dur astra]
No problem: хуб шудааст  [Chub šudaast]

The above Tajik grammar can provide tools to use in coordination with the Tajik vocabulary to obtain some popular Tajik phrases.


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Did you know? Grammar can help you increase your vocabulary dramatically. Grammar is like a tool which helps you manipulate words in a sentence by changing the shape and location of a word to create something new out of the old one.


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