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Explore the writing examples below. Sound comparisons are approximate; use complete words and recordings to develop your listening and pronunciation.
| ਓ | [o] as in root |
| ਅ | [a] as in hat |
| ੲ | [e] as in egg |
| ਸ | [s] as in sea |
| ਹ | [h] as in home |
| ਕ | [k] as in kit |
| ਖ | [kh] as in khan |
| ਗ | [g] as in gold |
| ਘ | [gh] as in ghost |
| ਙ | [ng] as in ring |
| ਚ | [ch] as in chat |
| ਛ | [ch] as in cheddar |
| ਜ | [j] as in Jamaica |
| ਝ | [j] as in jolt |
| ਞ | [*] |
Learning guide
Practise Punjabi introductions and recovery phrases with course examples, situational cues, reading tips and revealable self-checks.
Read the guideLearn to recognise Punjabi numbers, weekdays and time words through quantities, a weekly grid and short recall exercises.
Read the guideCompare Punjabi person words, possession and available sentence examples, then practise with guided observation tasks and answers.
Read the guide